At the situation when we drive long distance journey for a long time, there switches out the fuel level display control on the dashboard. It shows that we have run out of fuel. We need a service (filling) station. First we look at the map or ask passers-by: ”Excuse me, could you tell me where is the nearest petrol station?”
In case when the car doesn’t work because of the lack of petrol we have to push the car to the side of the road (into the shoulder).
There are several solutions in this situation:
• We ask another driver if he can give us a lift to the nearest petrol station.
• We can ask another driver if he has a can of petrol.
• We can ask another driver if he can take our car in a tow.
• We can call a breakdown vehicle.
At the petrol station we ask fuel suitable for out type of car according a grade of petrol. We see a billboard with offer and prices. Which grade of petrol do you need for your car? It is usually 90 – 97 octane value. We may also use unleaded or unleaded super. Some drivers buy autogas. In Britain some filling stations count fuel in gallons, not in litres. One gallon is 4,5 litres. How many gallons is your full tank if it is about 45 litres? The attendant at the filling station can offer some other service as: wash the car, clean the windscreen, pump up the tyres, fill up the radiator with water, check the battery, change the oil and others. At the filling station we can buy things useful for our car: coolant, antifreeze, brake fluid, distilled water, road maps, water for the windscreen washer and others. Nearly at each petrol station we can buy some food, coffee, sweets there are toilets, or we even can have a shower there.
The name automobile goes to a 14th century Italian painter and engineer named Martini. Martini never built an automobile but he did draw plans for a man-powered carriage with four wheels. Martini thought up the name automobile from the Greek word “auto” (meaning self) and the Latin word “mobils” (meaning moving). The history of the automobile is very rich and dates back to the 15th century when Leonardo da Vinci was creating designs and models for transport vehicles. There were many different types of automobiles – steam, electric and gasoline.
Gottlieb Daimler, Karl Benz: they both invented highly successful and practical gasoline-powered vehicles. They invented cars that looked and worked like the cars we use today.
Benz designed and built the word’s first practical automobile to be powered by an internal-combustion engine (1885). In 1891 he started a company that became the world’s largest manufacture of automobiles by 1900.
The first car manufactures in the world were French: Panhard and Levassor (1889) and Peugeot (1891).
Daimler founded the Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft in 1890 to manufacture his design. Eleven years later, Wilhelm Maybach designed the Mercedes automobile.
Henry Ford, the American car manufacturer, invented and improved assembly line in his car factory. The assembly line reduced costs for cars by reducing assembly time. Ford’s famous Model T was assembled in ninety-three minutes. Ford for the first time started the mass production of cars, which has continued until now by millions of cars produced each year.
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